Product Sales Plan for iPhone Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Item Sales Plan for iPhone - Research Paper Example It is obviously obvious from the conversation that before the improvement of the iPhone, the versatile business had a harsh excursion as far as deals. There is a reasonable reliance on the system suppliers. Cell phones were even seen then as a device to accomplish administrations from the said portable system. In the said see, cell phones were modest and the highlights were restricted. In 2006, there had been a quick increment in the quantity of portable clients and supporters evaluated at 2 billion everywhere throughout the world. Another pattern that began in a similar period is the deals of cell phones dependent on the innovation or the highlights which turned into the beginning for the improvement of advances identified with versatile cameras, remote abilities, memory limits and different ideas that got weapons of upper hand. Fundamentally, the improvement of the iPhone exploited the said patterns and advancements in the versatile business. The innovation introduced by the iPhone likewise considered by specialists as a wave that empowered the cell phone organizations to direct deals based on the item capacities instead of the administrations that the portable systems are advertising. The item iPhone is from Apple Inc., an organization known for item development and item selectiveness which empower the organization to set a cost not the same as contenders. Apple Inc. is perceived for items, for example, the Mac PC, iPod, iTunes, and the most recent development iPad.

Heres How to Make Sure Your Social Media Essay Shines (With a Sample Essay)

Heres How to Make Sure Your Social Media Essay Shines (With a Sample Essay) Social media use is on the rise and shows little signs of slowing down. In fact, according to some of the most recent statistics (2019), there are 3.2 billion social media users worldwide, equating to about 42% of the current population.There are 3.2 billion social media users worldwide, equating to about 42% of the current population. Photo by Hamza Bounaim on Unsplash.Standing most obviously among these giants of popularity is Facebook, with over 2.32 billion active monthly users, making it the most widely used social media platform. Approximately two-thirds of U.S. adults (68%) now report that they are Facebook users.With this many people on Facebook, and other forms of social media, the topic has obviously become part of our international dialogue regarding community standards, fair use, and protecting ones privacy online. For these reasons, as you enter into a learning community, youll likely be asked to write a social media essay or an essay on the topic of social media.In this article, we will discuss how to:Research your social media essayDraft an outline for itWrite your social media essay (with samples)ResearchReady to get started? Obviously, researching the topic is the first step to writing a social media essay once youve determined what you want to write about. In this case, the broader topic is social media but youll need to narrow that down in order to determine how to organize your essay. Here are a few ideas to get you started:Social media essay topicsHow has social media changed culture over the past 10 years? Do you think these changes were good or bad?Do you think social media has brought us closer together? Or has it caused distance between people?What are some ways social media has been used to stir political change or controversy? Has this been a problem or a benefit for society, as a whole?Do you think its important to take a periodic extended break from social media? Why or why not?Do you believe cyberbullying is a problem on social med ia, and if so, how can we fix it or put an end to it?Find valid sourcesNow that youve determined how to narrow down the topic to something interesting to write about relating to social media, lets look at how to find valid sources for your social media essay. Keep in mind that there will be a lot of information available online concerning social mediaâ€"some of it is useful and important, some of it isnt. The important thing now is to determine what makes a source valid and how to locate that source.Valid sources are sources that are crafted from research. They are sources written by experts in the field who have a grasp of whats going on across its ever-changing landscape. You can locate valid sources by looking for marketing studies that have been done, such as those conducted by organizations like Pew Research. According to its site, Pew Research is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping the world. This means that they provi de valid, important statistics and data that can help shape research.Draft an outline for itOnce you get your essay topic determined, its best to go ahead and start working on an outline based on what youve discovered in your research. For this article, well choose the topic: Do you think its important to take a periodic extended break from social media? Why or why not?After researching information, my outline might look something like this:IntroductionMention the purpose of the essay (which is to discuss your narrowed topic related to social media)A thesis statement that best answers the question related to your chosen topic. Those who participate in social media on a daily basis should take periodic extended breaks from their social media use to encourage mental wellbeing.Body para 1Psychologists have determined that extended social media use can be damaging for a persons mental wellness.Offer examplesBody para 2Social media and cell phone use make us more lonely and depressed.Off er examplesBody para 3Taking sporadic, extended social media breaks allows the brain to reset and return to a less agitated conditionOffer examplesConclusionA brief restatement of your thesisWrite your essayNow its time to write the essay. Using your research and the outline youve created, your social media essay might look something like this:Sample social media essayHave you ever sat through minutes of endless scrolling and wanted to take a break from social media? If you answered yes, apparently, youre not the only one. In fact, those who participate in social media on a daily basis should take periodic extended breaks from their social media use to encourage mental wellbeing. A recent study conducted by the Associated Press and NORC at the University of Chicago asked 790 American teens (between the ages of 13 and 17) about their daily habits surrounding social media, messaging, and video content. According to the results, teens do, in fact, take social media breaksâ€"both becaus e they are forced to and because they choose to willingly.According to Dr. Kristen Fuller, Psychologist and writer for Psychology Today, all the social media use makes us constantly compare our lives with othersâ€"and not in a good way! We forget that we are only seeing the highlight reel of their lives, and when we compare our own, our own can look pretty drab by comparison. Dr. Fuller writes, We live in a world where we constantly compare our lives to others and oftentimes do not take time to recognize our triggers, defeats, challenges, accomplishments, and endeavors because we are so busy trying to present ourselves in the best form possible. We dont take a moment to unwind, take a deep breath, and disconnect from the world. Rarely do people post their daily struggles on their social media accounts, partially because we are driven by society to showcase the best parts of our lives and not our struggles.Beyond this, social media use can affect our mental wellbeing, including facto rs of loneliness and depression. In one University of Pennsylvania study, researchers examined how social media use causes fear of missing out. Some of the participants in the study limited their time on social media to 30 minutes a day, while the rest continued to use social media as they normally would use it. After three weeks, the participants who limited their time on social media said that they felt less depressed and lonely than people who had no social media limits.When we take sporadic breaks from social media, we allow ourselves to return to a less-glossy highlight reel. We focus more on day-to-day interactions that are face-to-faceâ€"interactions that are necessary for our emotional and spiritual wellbeing. If your best friend is having a birthday, calling him or her up to wish them a happy birthday is always more intimate and bonding that posting something on their Facebook wall. It shows that you went out of your way to have a real interactionâ€"one that isnt influenced by a lot of other peoples chatter and memes.In conclusion, I believe that social media plays an important role in society and has some benefits. However, it can also make us compare ourselves with others too quickly, or compare our real lives with their highlight reel on social media, since few posts about when theyre having a bad day. Without moderating our use of it, we could be allowing social media to send us into a spiral of depression and loneliness on the days when we are on it too much. Thats why regular, consistent social media breaks are importantâ€"to allow our brain to reset and return to remembering what it means to live life off of a digital highlight reel.Without moderating our use of it, we could be allowing social media to send us into a spiral of depression and loneliness on the days when we are on it too much. Photo by Robin Worrall on Unsplash,

6 High-Paying Business Management Jobs

Pay disparities are not uncommon in the business world. Bosses tend to make more than their employees. Most managers are the highest paid employees in the company. But there are some management jobs that will net you more money than others. Here are six management positions that typically come with high salaries. Computer and Information Systems Manager Computer and information systems managers supervise computer-related activities in an organization. Common job titles include Chief Information Officer (CIO), Chief Technology Officer (CTO), IT Director, or IT Manager. Specific duties often vary by job title, organization size, and other factors, but commonly include analyzing technology needs, planning and installing computer and information systems, overseeing system security, and supervising other IT professionals. The US Bureau of Labor Statistics reports the median annual wage for computer and information systems managers as $120,950, with the top 10 percent earning more than $187,200. A bachelor’s degree in computer or information science, as well as 5-10 years of work experience, is usually the minimum requirement for computer and information systems managers. However, many managers in this field have a masters degree and 10 years of work experience. Read more about earning a  management information systems degree. Marketing Manager Marketing managers oversee the marketing efforts of an organization. They work with sales, public relations, and other marketing and advertising professionals to estimate demand, identify target markets, develop pricing strategies, and maximize profits. The US Bureau of Labor Statistics reports the median annual wage for marketing managers as $119,480, with the top 10 percent earning more than $187,200. Most marketing managers have at least a bachelors degree in marketing, but masters degrees are not uncommon in this field. Read more about earning a marketing degree. Financial Manager Financial managers are dedicated to monitoring and improving the financial health of an organization. Common job titles include Controller, Finance Officer, Credit Manager, Cash Manager, and Risk Manager. Most financial managers work on a team and act as an advisor to other executives. They may be responsible for reviewing reports, monitoring finances, preparing financial statements, analyzing market trends, and developing budgets. The US Bureau of Labor Statistics reports the median annual wage for financial managers as $109,740, with the top 10 percent earning more than $187,200. A bachelors degree in business or finance plus five years of finance-related experience is usually the minimum requirement for financial managers. Many managers have a masters degree, professional certification, and 5 years of experience in related financial occupations, such as an accountant, auditor, financial analyst, or loan officer. Read more about earning a finance degree. Sales Manager Sales managers oversee the sales team for an organization. Although the level of duties can vary by organization, most sales managers focus their time on researching and assigning sales territories, establishing sales targets, training members of the sales team, determining budgets and pricing plans, and coordinating other sales operations. The US Bureau of Labor Statistics reports the median annual wage for sales managers as $105,260, with the top 10 percent earning more than $187,200. Sales managers typically need a bachelors degree in sales or business in addition to several years of experience as a sales representative. Some sales managers have a masters degree. Read more about earning a  sales management degree. Human Resources Manager Human resources managers have many responsibilities, but their primary duty is to act as a link between an organization’s managers and its employees. In large organizations, human resources managers often specialize in a specific area, such as recruiting, staffing, training, and development, labor relations, payroll, or compensation and benefits. The US Bureau of Labor Statistics reports the median annual wage for human resources managers as $99,720, with the top 10 percent earned more than $173,140. A bachelors degree in human resources or a related field is the minimum educational requirement. However, many human resources managers have a masters degree as well as several years of related work experience. Read more about earning a human resources degree. Health Services Manager Also known as healthcare executives, health care administrators, or healthcare managers, health services managers oversee the operations of medical facilities, clinics, or departments. Duties can include supervising employees, creating schedules, organizing records, ensuring compliance with regulations and laws, budget management, and record management. The US Bureau of Labor Statistics reports the median annual wage for health services managers as $88,580, with the top 10 percent earning more than $150,560. Health services managers need at least a bachelor’s degree in health services, healthcare management, long-term care administration, public health or public administration, but masters degrees in these fields or business administration are not uncommon. Read more about earning a healthcare management degree.

Silence Kills, Animal Farm Essay - 795 Words

Haley Zrnchik Mrs. Hawkins Honors English 1, Red 1 13 December 2012 Silence Kills In George Orwell’s Animal Farm, Benjamin, a soft-spoken donkey, finds his once peaceful home transformed into a tyrannical dictatorship led by a power-hungry pig named Napoleon. Because of Benjamin’s reserved nature, he ultimately was able to lead Animal Farm into its oppression. Benjamin’s silence, his ability to follow without question, and his inability to share his wisdom with the other animals turned him into one of the main contributors to the tyrannical behavior that occurred and the loss of freedom and equality on Animal Farm. When someone keeps their thoughts silent, it usually allows wrong to happen; in this case, Benjamin and his reserved†¦show more content†¦. . except . . . since Boxer’s death, more morose and taciturn than ever† (128) Benjamin’s growing silence caused him to become a bigger contributor to the loss of freedom and equality on Animal Farm. At this point, he wouldn’t speak up; Benjamin c onfirmed his spot as a follower and never as anything more. Sometimes silence is the deadliest weapon. Benjamin proved that by remaining quiet through a time of oppression, one would only be helping to promote a leader’s totalitarianism. His stubborn silence, his adamancy towards following his orders, and his taciturn attitude after the death of Boxer only stood to show that a follower sometimes can be the strongest contribution to a tyranny. Napoleon’s dictatorship, while strong, would not have been as successful had it not been for his followers. Benjamin and the others, while they may not have realized it, were key attributes needed to lead to the ultimate removal of freedom and equality on Animal Farm. Works Cited Orwell, George. Animal Farm: With Connections. Austin, TX: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1999.Show MoreRelated The Power of Dillards A Field of Silence Essay1216 Words   |  5 PagesField of Silence    In her essay, Annie Dillard wrote: There was only silence. It was the silence of matter caught in the act and embarrassed. There were no cells moving, and yet there were cells. I could see the shape of the land, how it lay holding silence(396)1. The story in which she talked about the silence of the land was published in 1982, and today, almost two decades having gone by, A Field of Silence, is still able to relate to its readers.    A Field of Silence is a storyRead MoreThe Presentation of Napoleon in Animal Farm by George Orwell Essay839 Words   |  4 PagesPresentation of Napoleon in Animal Farm by George Orwell The novel Animal Farm, by the political writer George Orwell, is a story parallel to the events of the Russian Revolution. 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Genge’s book, The Forensic Casebook: The Science of Crime Scene Investigation, and includes the things I disliked and liked aboutRead More Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck Essay example9610 Words   |  39 Pagesas imaginative writings, distinguished by a sympathetic humour and a keen social perception.. Steinbeck died 20 Dec 1968. Overall Plot. George and Lennie are two migrant American labourers, who share a dream; that one day they may buy a farm, and Lennie will be able to take care of the rabbits. Although Lennie is physically very strong and has the body of a man, he has the mind of a child. The two men arrive on a ranch near the town of Soledad, where they are about to start workRead MoreOf Mice and Men2267 Words   |  10 PagesOf Mice and Men Essay Compare the episodes in which Candy’s dog and Lennie die. How has Steinbeck made these events effective for the reader? John Ernst Steinbeck was born in Salinas, California on February 27, 1902. 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Feminist Theories on Sexuality Free Essays

Feminist theorists Camille Paglia and Foucault give opposing views on the topic of women and their sexuality as they addressed topics such as homosexuality and pornography as ways of expressing sexual desires and the role a woman plays in society in reference to her sexuality. Camille Paglia, a graduate of the University of Arts in Philadelphia, America, has strong feminist views in relation to women’s sexual preferences. Paglia is a bi-sexual female, who came from an Italian, Catholic household with an overprotective and strict family. We will write a custom essay sample on Feminist Theories on Sexuality or any similar topic only for you Order Now While watching an interview with Paglia, she stated that through her years growing up, as a girl she was expected to follow certain rules and was (like many girls) led to think in a certain manner for situations such as rape, prostitution and sexual desires. Paglia was opposed to this, as was seen in her countless numbers of affairs which she had with women, despite being married to a man. This shows that Camille Paglia is pro-homosexuality. She allowed herself to explore and believed that the dignity and freedom of women could not be gained through the overprotective barriers parents and society puts up. By her supporting lesbianism, it also shows her strong views on her personality and disregard for what society thinks of her. Another point Paglia brought up was that women are never straight forward when it comes to sexual desires. She made reference to this when she discussed the numerous reports on accused rape. Paglia said that many women are provocative, and send wrong â€Å"signals† to guys. They are the cause of the accused â€Å"rape†, yet they are quick to blame the man who simply acts on the woman’s actions. Women report cases of rape for simple hand contact, which is mostly due to the woman’s lead. Women need to express their desires and not feel ashamed of it. Paglia says that women want sex as much as man, whether with a female or male, they should be upfront. Camille also discussed women in pornography. Many women see pornography as a disgrace and disrespectful view towards a woman and her body through these videos, pictures and other forms of porn; however Camille believes that a woman should have the right to portray herself and her sexual desires through any source of media and angle she wants. A woman has full rights to her body and sexual desires and should not be stopped from expressing it. She is against modern feminism because she believes that women have a right to these things, and that women need to stop blaming men and become self reliant, independent and accept that they are differences between men and women that cannot be changed. Women also have pornographic minds, and whilst other feminists will be opposed to women expressing themselves and being involved in prostitution and pornography, she disagrees. Throughout an interview with Camille, she made it very clear that she was pro-pornography, as she mentioned this numerous times to emphasized that women need to be strong on their desires and not be judged on their preferences. (female-female; male-female; male-male). This proves her point that women must be able to accept who they are and have the ability to show it, and not be restricted because of gender barriers and expectations of society. The role of women and their sexual preferences and desires are based on the current situations in society. This point is shown through the theories by Foucault. Through history, culture determined how sexuality was originated. Foucault believed that as time progresses, the idea of lesbianism and bi-sexual relations are growing. These desires are only present because of the new cultures and society that is present now. For example, in the 1800s, women were not allowed to choose their own mates or express their sexuality, and this is still present even now in the 21st century in some areas. The change in this tradition only occurred through time and what was seen as the new norm and custom in the society. The episteme of society determined the sexual desires and preferences in a particular era and the way they think. (Episteme is the way a specific culture approaches the world). Foucault believes that as society transitions, their thoughts and views also change due to the ideology itself shifting. Another point Foucault made was related to sex and women’s role in sex. Sex is seen as a social construct that is constructed through the exercise of power relations. Sexual nature is produced through society. Foucault stated that before, in previous generations, there was never a big focus on sex, whereas now, the desire for sex is increasing and will continue to increase in years to come. The world is culturally constituted and the body is seen materially through the eyes of man. Men use women for sex, and whilst women may think they are equal, men view them as sex objects. Feminists, as mentioned previously, deny having sexual tendencies and sexual preferences, and unlike Camille Paglia, who believes this is false, Foucault agrees with this statement. He relates this statement to his theory that sexual tendencies and desires are based on society’s ideology, rather than natural desires. Like Paglia, Foucault mentioned the role of women through pornography as well. However his views differed from Camille’s as he believes that pornography is an invention by man used to de-humanize women and socially constructs her oppression. He does not believe that women have a desire to produce porn, but instead they are manipulated into thinking that is what they want and they only please men, rather than expressing themselves and pleasing their own self. Foucault’s approach to a woman’s sexuality is based on the views of society and the manipulation in each era, mostly endorsed by man upon women. Camille Paglia believes that men and women have natural qualities and that they should not base their choices on what men demand of them, but on what their desire is whereas Foucault believes a woman’s sexuality is determined on society and the manipulation of men on women in reference to sex and sexual activities and preferences. I agree with Camille Paglia’s theory that women are different from men and must become their own individual, independent and free from reliance on man. A woman must take charge of her body and her sexual desires and not be expected to pretend that they are not naturally inclined towards sex. Camille expresses a pro-pornography mind and I agree that a woman should not be degraded for expressing her desires through pictures, videos or sex itself. Women should be allowed to freely express themselves without being restricted and judged by society and men. Also, as Camille Paglia stated, men should not be blamed for everything, and women should stand up for themselves and show everyone what they want. Camille is also pro-prostitution. A woman has full rights to her body and only a woman can determine what she wants to do with her body. A woman has the right to participate in any sexual act she desires, because it is only her decision. Women are categorized, according to Paglia, as having more emotional and sexual desires than men, but are not able to show it. Paglia’s point of this categorization is to show that women do not express their sexual desires freely because they are not allowed to show it. Whether it is true or not, I agree that a woman should have the freedom of being able to share their â€Å"wants† and â€Å"needs† without having to feel ashamed or self-conscious. Paglia says that the only way for this to happen, is if women begin to stop waiting, and start acting on becoming independent and taking personal responsibility, without blaming other people for your problems or your limitations. Feminist theories on sexuality show the rights of a woman in their ability to express and have sexual desires and preferences, and how they portray these elements. On one hand, Camille Paglia argues that women should take the initiative to become independent and not rely on man, and be free to express their natural sexual desires. On the other hand, Foucault believes that men control women, and a woman’s sexuality is determined on the stage of society and the transitions in the ideology of the culture and society. The both theorists contrast each other in theories in their views on a woman’s sex life. The belief that men construct society is supported by Foucault and opposed by Paglia. Homosexuality is supported by both theorists in different ways. Foucault believes it is due to the transitions in society, where as Paglia believes that it is due to natural inclinations. Their different approaches to women’s sexuality were well analyzed and represent the two different views from feminists. Feminist theories on sexuality vary according to the theorist, and each person has a different view on whether a woman has a right to express her sexuality or whether certain acts are frowned upon when done by a woman because of a woman’s expectations and stereotype. How to cite Feminist Theories on Sexuality, Papers

Struggles Diversity free essay sample

My life, hasn’t been what you would say, the typical American lifestyle. Since the moment I entered this country, till now, my parents have been striving to help me be the most successful in my life. I could still remember the days I used to live in Queens, in which I would have fifteen minute sessions with my mom on a teeny chalkboard, teaching me my multiplication tables at the ripe age of six. My personal life experiences have molded me, and allowed me to become a diverse individual. I guess you can say that it’s my parents drive, and my perseverance, to truly live the American dream, that has been my mindset till this day. Trinidad and Tobago is the country of my birth, and my original roots. I was uplifted from Trinidad when I was four and a half years old, and have been living in the United States ever since. We will write a custom essay sample on Struggles Diversity or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I remember that day like it was yesterday, the plane ride, the popping of the ears, and the excitement. I don’t remember the stress of literally packing up my life, and moving somewhere else, but all I know, is that wherever I was going, I would be happy. Up until around seventh grade, in which I became a one-man show, my mother would be my homework enforcer, my work corrector, and my drill sergeant at home. When I entered middle school, my mom’s measly Trinidadian high school education couldn’t come close. Bringing advanced algebra home became a foreign language to not just me, but my mother too. It’s still like that today, and my mom had to surrender her job as my teacher, and â€Å"give† it to someone with actual credentials. Rather than going home after school, I would be in extra help classes. I don’t feel upset about her education that she can’t help me, for those factors helped to sculpt my individuality. Everything I do, I would be the first, and the only. Whether it’s a math problem, or a Shakespearean book (which I don’t think my mother knows about), I would be the new Discovery Channel, bringing my information home, as if I knew about the world. This lack of knowledge not only stretched with academics, but as well as social events such as Prom, and being able to walk out for my lunch period. It get’s extremely frustrating at times, to have to deal with her sense of being old fashioned, but with a little explaining, and push, I will get to do everything that a normal American student does. She still is cautious about me attending my prom, or even wearing appropriate shorts to school. My dad, he’s a little bit more close-minded. He is very protective, and says no to literally everything. Both my parents don’t even approve of me wearing nail polish to school, or wearing makeup! My career choice was also a big first for us. Going into business, and wanting to be in corporate America finally became achievable. I can only imagine explaining a new job offering I receive in the future to my mom, and the excitement that it would bring. Being profoundly independent, to be a business woman to me is like a hand to a glove, a perfect fit. To be able to have my own business, or even run something, will give me complete satisfaction. That feeling of knowing something is successful due to a large part by you, is my version of an adrenaline rush. I really was almost forced to create new standards for my little family of three, in which they slowly discovered how to deal with their â€Å"American† daughter. Because of our discrepancies, and underlying motivation, everything I do, I do for myself, and to better my future. Struggles in school, is simply just a struggle with me, myself and I. It’s either I divulge myself into my studies, or I have to stay in s chool till I comprehend it. Past school, there really is no help at home, besides the push from my parents to be on top of everything. Having such a background, my personal experiences have really made me more open-minded. When you have seen the hardest of times, to even the happiest of times, it changes the way you look at life, and diversity becomes a part of you. I am very relatable to so many people out there, and it just shows that you can make something out of little or nothing. Being someone that’s so self-taught and self driven, my passion to be successful, and to make my parents proud, is beyond immense. My dreams, aspirations, and goals, stretch far beyond than what my parents could’ve ever imagined, and by me graduating high school, and entering college, it will be a great step that I’m taking, and something my parents never did. No one could ever see life the way I portray it through my eyes, a climb that can only be success through pure determinatio n, strong supporters, and a burning desire for only the best in life.

Matrix Hypothesis

The matrix is based on the philosophical story about the disembodied brain that was floating in a vat in a scientific laboratory where the experiment was conducted. In this case, the scientists connected the brain to the computer with world simulations to simulate the brain with the same input that the brain in a human body could receive and the output was recorded back to the computer.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Matrix Hypothesis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The brain in a vat was therefore in its normal state just as the normal brain in a human being only that it lacked the body of a human being and the brain viewed things just like any other person. Although the brain was in the laboratory and not in the body, it received an input that made it perceive that it was outside walking freely in the broad day light. This experiment about the brain raised many concerns about the beliefs of people hence the different hypotheses, which support or criticize the matrix. The matrix hypothesis suggests that human beings are in the same situation just like the brain in a vat although in matrix the cognitive system is computerized not as in the case of human beings where the cognitive system is natural. Envatted brains will have false beliefs as compared to the counterparts and this creates confusion since it is not easy to know whether someone is in a matrix or not. This results to the skeptical hypothesis since the matrix hypothesis seems to falsify most of the beliefs held by the people (Putnam 88). George Berkeley holds the view that brains in a vat are not deluded since they have correct beliefs about their own world. He says that appearance is reality because what people feel, see or taste are realized to be real through the interpretation of the brain. Reality can be viewed as the electrical signals, which are interpreted by the human brain. According to George Berkeley, real ity is what is perceived. Berkeley supports the view of the matrix hypothesis that human beings are in a matrix and disputes the view that the matrix hypothesis is skeptical using the idealism of reality. This therefore supports the view that what the brain in a vat believed is real (Bostrom 3).Advertising Looking for critical writing on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Chalmers on the other hand uses the Metaphysical hypothesis to support the views of the matrix hypothesis that human beings are in a matrix. About metaphysical hypothesis, Chalmers argues that the brain and the laws of physics as well as world’s creations determine reality. In the metaphysical hypothesis, the physical processes are computational where the cognitive system is separate from the physical processes and that reality is created by those beings in the outside physical space and time. The hypothesis endorses Berkeley’s idealism by explaining the ordinary processes that underlie reality on that the processes in metaphysical are similar to those that take place in the matrix hypothesis. He therefore explains this view using the three hypotheses (Searle 85). The Creation Hypothesis According to this hypothesis, space-time in the physical world is determined by a supernatural being that controls the physical world from outside the space. It is therefore right to conclude that many people in the world can believe this hypothesis especially those who believe that God created the world and that God is outside the world. If it is true that God created the universe then the creation hypothesis is true and the matrix hypothesis is true. Chalmers therefore believes that he has the body while in a vat and that he is in Tucson even though he was in Australia (Searle 86). The Computational Hypothesis About this hypothesis, all processes in the space-time that involve computation are microphysical. This explains the vie w that physics is not the base of reality just like the microphysical processes, which underlie the chemical processes. This therefore explains that reality underlie some computational processes. Some scientists suggest that physical reality can be a result of interacting bits in the cellular automata governed by some principles. Bits in this case are pure differences united by basic states to create reality (Putnam 99).Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Matrix Hypothesis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Mind-Body Hypothesis The hypothesis explains that the human mind is comprised of processes that are outside the physical space-time and it receives its input from the physical space-time and sends it back. This is explained further with the view that the human minds are nonphysical but they interact with the physical bodies (Searle 88). The metaphysical hypothesis therefore combines the three hypoth eses together to prove that the matrix hypothesis operates on the basis similar to the creation, mind-body, and computational hypothesis. It states that the world and its contents were created by beings outside the same world and that the computational processes constitute the microphysical processes. The three hypotheses about computation, creation and the body mind constitutes metaphysical hypothesis. It further states that the computational processes, which constitute the microphysical processes, are designed by being such as the computer in the case of the matrix hypothesis is designed. Metaphysical hypothesis and combination hypothesis are similar where one is a version of the other. However, the relationship among the three parts is specified in the metaphysical hypothesis (Putnam 100). Chalmers argues that the metaphysical hypothesis holds the same view as the matrix hypothesis. He uses the three areas to explain the hypothesis that is the body-mind, computational and the cre ation. According to metaphysical hypothesis human beings posses cognitive system in mind that is isolated. This is similar to matrix hypothesis on how input is received and processed in the mind (Bostrom 4). According to computational hypothesis, input is sent to the cognitive system from the external time-space and the feedback is sent back. About creation hypothesis, physically designed processes for informing the world create reality. According to the matrix hypothesis, human beings design computers that are used to send output to the cognitive system. This shows that the metaphysical hypothesis is linked to the matrix hypothesis. To accept the truth underlying reality as explained in the metaphysical hypothesis means accepting the matrix hypothesis. The domain constituting the cognitive system and computers designed by other human beings interact.Advertising Looking for critical writing on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More If one accepts the creation hypothesis of the world, he or she accepts the matrix hypothesis and the metaphysical hypothesis. The world is therefore made of interactions between human beings and microphysical computations, which are not part of them. This therefore explains the basic nature of reality (Bostrom 4). The matrix hypothesis can be viewed as the creation myth. The creation of the world took place long time ago when there were no people but the history exists right from the big bang and many other myths about the creation. In the matrix, the creator is a machine, which simulate the input and in the creation of the world, the nonphysical mind started to exist after the envatted cognitive systems were attached to the simulation (Bostrom 4). In the two hypotheses, there is a contrast that simulation is not real. The matrix hypothesis suggests that the simulation of physical processes in computers exist while the metaphysical hypothesis explains that the physical processes do not exist. The computational hypothesis tries to unite the two but it fails to some extent because as much as the computational level underlies physical processes, which are real, there are some computational processes that cannot yield reality. Simulation of physical reality requires computational elements with real particles. Details corresponding with the physical processes should therefore be involved in the computation. The other principle rests on an abstract computation, which can underlie the physical reality (Searle 89). The two hypotheses succeed in justifying that the matrix hypothesis is correct by saying that human beings are in a matrix. The beliefs of the brain in a vat are not a delusion as they are proofed to be correct. In addition, the fact that it is in the dark room does not imply being alone. This can be explained using the analogy that human beings have their mind outside physical space and time. For instance, when someone is in cold water the brain receives t he input that it is in the cold water but one may think that since the brain is not in the water it is therefore not exposed to the coldness. It would be wrong to conclude that the person in the cold water has a wrong belief. This proves that envatted beings have correct beliefs (Putnam 102). The fact that envatted beings may think that they are performing actions, which they are not or being in places that they have never been may create doubts but the two hypotheses try to explain the idea with relevant analogies. By the brain in a vat, believing that it is walking in Tucson does not mean that the belief is false. This is because the word â€Å"walking† could be inferring to different meanings depending on the language. The brain in a vat therefore performs the action of walking in its environment, which is of course, different from the environment someone could be. The beliefs held by the brains in a vat are therefore correct and cannot be seen as being skeptical (Bostrom 5). The aspect of not being sure whether one is in the matrix or not is further explained using real and virtual concept. For instance if one is in the matrix and refers to a certain word for example â€Å"head† the term will be referring to the virtual â€Å"head† and not the real â€Å"head†. The concepts are therefore made up of bits, which constitute the virtual concept in the matrix. The ways things are perceived by people differ since people have different views on which part of the bit is given to the virtual concepts as opposed to the real concepts. The two hypotheses failed to distinguish clearly the bits between the virtual for those in the matrix and bits to be used for real terms by those outside the matrix. Works Cited Bostrom, Newton. â€Å"Are You Living in A Computer Simulation†? Philosophical Quarterly 53 (2003): 243. Print Putnam, Henry. Reason, Truth, and History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981. Print Searle, Janet. â€Å" Can Computers Think†? In Minds, Brains, and Science. Massachusetts : Harvard University Press. 1984. Print This critical writing on Matrix Hypothesis was written and submitted by user Matilda B. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.